Stress, strain and Young's modulus calculator
Suits lab tensile tests and strength of materials problems. Enter the force, area, elongation and original length.
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How to use it
- Enter axial force, cross-section area, elongation and original length.
- The result appears straight away and updates as you edit.
- Copy the result, or copy a link that keeps the same values to share it.
How it is calculated
Stress σ = F ÷ A (N/mm² = MPa). Strain ε = ΔL ÷ L₀. Young's modulus E = σ ÷ ε.
Example
Inputs: Axial force = 10,000 N, Cross-section area = 100 mm², Elongation = 0.5 mm, Original length = 1,000 mm. Result: Stress: 100 MPa; Strain: 0.0005; Young's modulus: 200 GPa.
Limits and caveats
- Young's modulus is only meaningful in the linear elastic range, before yield.
- Gives engineering stress on the original area and assumes an even axial load.
Questions about this tool
What is the difference between stress and strain?
Stress is force per unit area, measured in MPa. Strain is the change in length divided by the original length and has no unit.
What is Young's modulus for steel and aluminium?
About 200 GPa for steel and about 70 GPa for aluminium.
How do I get the area of a round bar?
Area = π × diameter² ÷ 4, so a 10 mm bar has about 78.54 mm².